In The Lancet Oncology, final data from the POBASCAM trial show the effectiveness of HPV testing for cervical cancer screening. At baseline, HPV testing identified 79 additional cervical precancers (cervical intraepithelial neoplasia [CIN] grade 3) per 100 000 women and 30 additional cancers per 100 000 women compared with screening using cytology only. During the subsequent 5 years, the improved detection of CIN grade 3 at baseline led to the detection of 24 fewer precancers per 100 000 women per...